Can you install solar panels yourself?
Physically, some people do. Legally and practically, the permit and the utility are where DIY usually stops.
For a system tied to the grid, the hard part isn't bolting panels down. Local governments require a permit before rooftop panels are installed, an inspector checks the finished system, and only then does the utility connect it, DOE explains (DOE). Rules on who may pull the electrical permit differ by city and state, so call your building department before buying equipment.
The steps a DIY system still goes through
- Design and permit. Plans with structural and electrical details go to your city or county.
- Utility interconnection application, before the system can send power to the grid.
- Installation to the electrical code, including rapid shutdown (fire safety).
- Inspection by the local government.
- Permission to operate from the utility.
For professional installs, NREL SolarTRACE data show a national median of 93 business days from start to permission to operate in 2024, with 7 days for the permit itself: how long installation takes.
What you risk doing it yourself
- Safety. Panels are live whenever light hits them; roof work carries fall risk.
- Warranties. Some panel and inverter makers require a certified installer for the full warranty.
- Insurance and resale. An unpermitted system can cause problems with your insurer and when you sell (insurance, home value).
Where DIY is simpler
Off-grid setups such as a shed, RV or boat, and small portable panels that never connect to home wiring, skip utility approval. Local electrical rules still apply to anything wired into a building.
If you hire an installer
DOE suggests checking that the installer is licensed and certified, for example by NABCEP, and letting them handle the permits and inspections (DOE). Compare at least three quotes: how to check a solar quote.
Run your own numbers
Enter your ZIP and bill to see what a professionally installed system would cost and save.
Keep reading
- How much solar panels cost in 2026 — Average price per watt by state and city, and what a 5, 7 or 10 kW system costs before incentives.
- Disadvantages of solar panels — Nine downsides to weigh before you sign, with numbers from real tariffs.
- How long solar installation takes — From contract to permission to operate: national medians and the permit, inspection and utility steps by city.
Installer records by city: solar companies in Phoenix, solar companies in Tucson, solar companies in San Antonio, solar companies in Austin, solar companies in San Diego, solar companies in Fresno, solar companies in Chandler, solar companies in Scottsdale, solar companies in Gilbert, solar companies in Glendale, solar companies in Tempe, solar companies in Peoria, solar companies in Surprise, solar companies in San Jose, solar companies in Bakersfield, solar companies in Clovis, solar companies in Chula Vista, solar companies in Oceanside, solar companies in Carlsbad, solar companies in Toms River, solar companies in New York, solar companies in Elizabeth, solar companies in Yonkers.
Updated 2026-09-22.